Dostoevsky and World Culture Dostoevsky and World Culture 2619-0311 2712-8512 IWL RAS https://doi.org/10.22455/2619-0311-2018-1-79-96 Articles The Two Peoples: Dostoevsky on the Triumph and Failure of the Russian Revolution Kovalevskaya Tatyana V. fedor@dostmirkult.ru 2021 1 1 79 96 Notes from the House of the Dead Demons self-deification dehumanization collectivism metaphysical materialism Copyright © 2026, IWL RAS 2026 The article considers the Russian revolution within the context of Dostoevsky’s philosophical anthropology. It shows two different worldviews inherent in different social strata of the Russian society, traces their interrelations and interpenetration and their ties with the revolutionary ideology. The article describes the reasons of both emergence and collapse of the revolutionary project in the broad context of the European worldview and Dostoevsky’s insights into those reasons in his various works.